Rosenmontag: Foolery & Belonging

Rosenmontag: Foolery & Belonging

Something I’m sure every German-language learner who comes to Germany wants to do is get involved in the local culture. Not only is it a great way to push language learning opportunities onto oneself, to get you out of your comfort zone where friends and family are probably talking English to you most of the time, but you can learn a lot about the context of the language too. Rosenmontag in my local western German town seemed like a great opportunity to do just that.

Rosenmontag – a German Street Carnival

Rosenmontag is a carnival event taking place on Shrove Monday, before Ash Wednesday. This celebration is observed in German-speaking countries such as Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Belgium (Eupen, Kelmis).

Floats prepared by voluntary enthusiasts drive around the streets and pelt the crowds with sweets. And people dress up in costumes. There are also theatrical performances and numerous effigies mocking of politicians, stereotypes, taboo subjects, and German habits, as well as public figures.

Origins of this German Dialect Word

The name “Rosenmontag” is derived from the German dialect words “roose,” meaning frolic, and “Montag,” meaning Monday. The origins of the “Rose Monday” carnival date back to Roman traditions that took place two thousand years ago. It was originally scheduled for the fourth Monday of Lent in Roman Catholic areas because the Pope traditionally consecrated a golden rose during service the Sunday before.

Dressing Up

I’d just finished the English translation of Daniel Kehlman’s new novel, “Tyll”, so I decided to purchase a jester-style suit and be Till Eulenspiegel, the semi-mythic jester from the Middle Ages, from when ‘Germany’ was a Roman Empire. The first thing to learn was ‘Helau’, which is the greeting in my area for Karneval, and also, I later discovered, a way of attracting the attention of the sweet-throwers.

The word could be related to the more general ‘Hallo’ or ‘Hellblau’ (light blue) or even ‘Halleluja’ … experts are unsure. In other places there’s ‘Allaaf’, ‘Narri-Narro’, ‘Alleh-Hopp’, ‘Hasi-Pelau’ and even ‘Radi-Radi’ or ‘Wau-Wau’. And while some of the origins are well-known, and tied into features of the area, all of them express a sense of both foolery and belonging.

Rosenmontag

Karneval in Germany (this is not me!). So, my choice to come as a juggling fool in search of a greater sense of belonging had been perfect.

The day came and it was raining and cold. Or, for an Australian: freezing. I packed three layers under the costume and braved it.

I took up a position in front of a medieval church and started juggling my three Euro-shop tennis balls. Immediately, I was surrounded by German-speaking children, impatient for the real attraction, I became a voluntary support act.

Naturally enough they wanted to get involved, and I’m under some performance pressure here, so I revert to English for instructions. I get some incomprehensive looks at first, but physical gestures help, of course. And they teach English pretty early in Germany, so after a few short performances I’m asked in English by one of the more precocious young girls, ‘Where are you from?’

‘I’m from Australia,’ I say, before switching quickly to saying, ‘Ich komme aus Australien.’

‘You speak English?’ the girl asks, as if she’s not quite sure. 

‘Genau,’ I respond. This is an important word, and can get you out of a lot of trouble, if you’re stuck.

Eventually, I explain that Till needs to ‘eine Pause nehmen’ and the Karneval procession starts anyway, but coming face-to-face with these children had been a strong learning experience. They are both more demanding and more forgiving, and very straight-forward. They also seem more patient in a strange way. Once you are considered to be belonging to the events around them, then they are also quite forgiving, since they are maybe closer to understanding the sense of being a newcomer.

The Festivities During the Parade

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Soon, the floats making fun of public figures are dragged past us by huge farming tractors and semi-trailers. The sweets are raining down upon us, but also colored boiled eggs are handed out; knick-knacks, like a boxed compass; popcorn; bags of potatoes … and even cold beers.

There are crowds lining the streets and marching bands and dance groups, and loud techno music mixes with this very pop ‘Schlagermusik’ played at a very high volume, as well as heavy drinking. Helau! Helau! Helaaaaaau!

In the aftermath, the streets are in a terrible mess, by German standards at least. But cleanups are already underway, and all the restaurants and bars are packed to capacity. It’s a struggle to find a seat, but eventually, we find something at an out-of-the-way Italian place. And Tyll sits down to some well-earned pizza and Merlot. And a greater sense of belonging.

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FAQs about “Rose Monday”

Here are some of the questions people ask about the Carnival parades in Germany.

When does the Street Carnival begin?

The carnival season in Germany kicks off at 11 minutes past the eleventh hour on 11 November, and the “street carnival” commences on the Thursday preceding Rosenmontag. This Thursday is commonly referred to as “Weiberfastnacht” (“women’s carnival”) or “Fat Thursday.”

Is Shrove Monday a public holiday?

Shrove Monday is not an official national holiday weekend in Germany, but many schools are closed on Rosenmontag and the following Tuesday.

What is Violet Tuesday?

Violet Tuesday, or “Veilchendienstag,” is the day following the lively carnival celebrations. It marks the quieter conclusion to the festivities before the beginning of Lent.

Summing Up: Rosenmontag: Foolery & Belonging

Rosenmontag, a fusion of tradition and merriment, immerses participants in the lively spirit of German Karneval. This festivity showcases a unique intersection of public life, looking at recent events in a satirical way, and the inclusive joy shared by many Christians. Explore the vibrant tapestry of Rosenmontag in the carnival strongholds to discover the warmth of community and their cultural quirks. Want to learn more about German culture? Check out our blog here!